Research, Development and Innovation

 Research, Development, and Innovation

Why Research is necessary for Development?

Research means Re-Search, search again and come with something new to innovate, something new to contribute in the development, replacing old systems with something which is more effective, efficient, and economic. In economics, marketing, finance, and even in other areas relating to social science, in most of the research, an issue is explored, and keeping in view, the issue, a program is planned to meet the needs or solutions to the issue or problem, even it leads to in-depth information about the specific issue and seeks solutions which bring development. S Namanji (2012) (can be retrieved at https://www.ajol.info/index.php/majohe/article/view/78945/69263), explained to use mixed methods approach and evidence to reach an effective conclusion.

Research, Development, and Innovation in the United Kingdom

It is well known that the United Kingdom is one of the leading nations in using Research for Development and Innovation and due to this quality, the nation is effectively marketing its jet engines, vacuum cleaners, MRI Scanners, etc., which are still a challenge for other nations to manufacture their own. In Global Innovation Index 2019 (available on http://statisticstimes.com/ranking/global-innovation-index.php), the United Kingdom scored at No. 5 after Switzerland, Sweden, the USA, and the Netherlands. It is really a matter of concern that India score at 52^nd.

Why Rich Industrial Families prefer Developed Economies for Living Life:

All over the world, it is fact that when a person starts earning money, he likes to switch from rural to urban, urban to a metro city, and metro city to a developed foreign country. Why?

It is because of the facilities offered by the developed nations, resources of the developed nations, and long-term life without diseases due to better infrastructure, medical facilities, and relaxation in life with fewer tax rates on goods and services. In developed nations, there is the ease in accessing funding for executing projects or doing business. The use of research of the universities and academics contribute to making the business house feel more innovative. Moreover, it is easier to find customers.

Use of Intellectual Property Laws more strictly:

For having research-oriented people to stay or for talent retention, it is a must adopt and use intellectual property laws more strictly. The developed nations such as the United States of America, United Kingdom, Switzerland are the nations, where the ideas are protected by using intellectual property rights. The United Kingdom spends 6 Billion pounds every year for financing the research and support innovation in Research organizations and universities.

India’s approach to Research, Development, and Innovation:

No doubt, India is at 52^nd rank in Global Innovation index 2019; but it is now improving with promoting Technology Business Incubators (TBIs) and the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) are making India more vibrant than ever. The digital literacy, an increasing number of patents, use of eco-friendly projects, and use of collaborations among scientific and technical organizations have contributed to improving the lifestyle, manufacturing products instead of importing. The nanotechnology in the Pharma sector and technology-driven Green Revolution in the Agriculture sector are making India, a focus of researchers and scientists around the world. The new policy i.e. Science, Technology, and Innovation Policy 2020 is contributing to improve Governance in research with periodic reviews, policy evaluations, and use of proper strategy in achieving the desired objectives. (Read more at https://www.ibef.org/industry/science-and-technology.aspx)  

Role of Administrative Training Institutes in Innovation and Development

The administrative training institutes (ATIs) of India, should adopt integrated approach for contributing in research, development and innovation. The attitude of Civil Servants, Officers of Government, and other stakeholders; depends upon the level of efficiency in the work of Government. The practical experiences should be shared constantly to disseminate the learning among the people making similar work and facing problems. The HIPA, MGIPA, RIPA, etc. are the Administrative Training Institutions of India, each state of India has one ATI. The number of webinars, national events, state level courses should be done in collaboration to disseminate new learning, methods, and skills in successful effective ways. 

*Copyright © 2021 Dr. Lalit Kumar. All rights reserved.

This article is written by Dr. Lalit Kumar Setia; a renowned author and trainer. He completed his Doctorate in Commerce from Kurukshetra University Kurukshetra and MBA in Information Technology from GJU, Hisar. He also wrote two books, 15 research papers, and organized more than 200 Training Courses during his working period since 2006 in Haryana Institute of Public Administration, Gurugram. The article was published on 25th July 2021 and last updated on 4^th September, 2021. The writer can be contacted on lalitkumarsetia@gmail.com 

More articles of your interest:

https://successinexamination.blogspot.com/2019/05/blog-post.html

https://drlalitsetia.blogspot.com/2017/05/dreams-of-narendra-modi-can-be-achieved.html

https://drlalitsetia.blogspot.com/2021/07/how-gst-is-destination-based-tax.html

SWOT Analysis for Skills Development in Employees

SWOT Analysis for Skills Development in Employees

By Dr. Lalit Kumar Setia |  @drlalitsetia  |  drlalitsetia@gmail.com  |  September 8, 2018 7:50 p.m. PDT

The strengths and weaknesses are those internal abilities on which basis, a person is either able or not able to achieve a specific objective. Which things are not in the control of a person are known as opportunities and threats. If there are weaknesses (lack of internal abilities) in a person and he gets chances from external environment to eliminate the weaknesses, those chances will be known as opportunities. The strengths of a person makes him skilled and he becomes capable to earn money.

Commitment for achieving Goal: 

If you have decided that this is my goal and that will definitely be achieved by me. Then you will be more attentive because accordingly you will build your staff, connections, network and you will be ready to go through the required steps for achievement of goals.  

Communication Skills: 

It is must to examine and identify the level of communication skills. Effective communication skill is considered as strength while lack of communication skill considered as weakness. The communication skills help each individual to state his problem in a proper way either in written mode or in verbal state. If a person is able to sort out his complaints or problems by discussion with others, then your communication skills are effective.

Interpersonal Skills:

These are also known as negotiation skills. Through these skills, a person utilizes his abilities by his speech and transforms the things according to his requirements. In a certain situation of conflict, a person identifies the root cause of the conflict and then using interpersonal skills, the person transforms the situation in his favour; that is the real use of interpersonal skills.

Caring Nature: 

Suppose any work is stopped and you are also unable to do that work. If you are of caring nature, then your colleagues and staff will definitely support you and they will also help you in getting the work done. But if you are not equipped with caring nature then your image will be dented in the minds of others. Even if you are competent to perform a task, the others will intervene to make your work suffered. That can also be happened due to lack of caring skills.

Knowledge of rules:  

If you are equipped with this strength, then more than 50% work becomes easy in government offices. You will remain conscious what should be done and what should not be done. If you are not enough aware of rules, then you are unconscious about the rules and in such case, if something wrong is happening in your office, even then you will not be able to realize the wrong things being happened.

Interpretation Skills:

Suppose you received a circular but you have doubt in interpreting the written content of the circular. Means you are unable to interpret either the terminology is difficult or your perspective is different and you have doubt to interpret the real sense of the circular. The circular contains such words which are deriving multiple meanings. Normally, such circulars are issued in offices and in that case, the sense of letter is mis-interpreted by the employees in order to get their work done as per their convenience. The intention or objective behind each issued circular, order, or letter is normally hidden and doesn’t communicated by the government. Because the objective is not known or silent for the employees, it becomes impossible to clearly interpreted the letters. In case, an employee is well equipped with the interpretation skills then to a great extent, he becomes successful in clearly interpret such letters.

Maintenance of Daily Expenditure:

If you keep the track record of day to day expenditures being spent in your office, then you will be able to accurately estimate the budget for the next financial year. Generally, what happens in offices during budget estimation, just pick the estimates sent in previous year, add 10% or 20% more in the same amounts and then send as current year’s budget estimates. But in case, an office maintains record of day to day expenditures properly then that record helps in accurate estimation of the budget. If the statements are available of monthly expenditures, quarterly expenditures then the head of office can confidently state that next year, my office expenditures will be approximately of such and such amount.

For example, let us take an example of your domestic expenditures. Suppose you get the salary and then require to estimate how much to save and how much to spend in the beginning of the month. If you are maintaining the record of your monthly expenditures, then you can save & invest a particular amount in the beginning of the month and even you will not face any problem during the month due to such saving. But if you have no record of monthly expenditures, then there will be no problem. However, a person should keep a margin of safety for uncertain activities which can happen. For example, in case of inflation, it is possible that the monthly expenditures during a particular month exceed than the previous month. 

You may have seen the process of estimating the amount going to be incurred in a work contract. When you invite a tender if the tender is of one year. The firm or vendor applying for the quote always keep in mind those factors which can create the sufferings in execution of the contract and keeps a margin of safety to contain such uncertainties. The firm or vendor quantifies various risks related to quality control, inflation and for each risk, a certain amount is added in the quote, so that the chances of loss from that work contract can be reduced. The process of quantifying the risks and adding value in quote. Similarly, a head of office can also keep a margin of safety in estimating the budget for the official works. However, if there is proper record of actual expenditures available with the head of office, then he can more accurately estimate the amount of expenditures.

Today, all participants have completed the SWOT Analysis, this analysis can be done at any time in future even with sitting in your offices. After such analysis, you be aware how to know the strengths and weaknesses. The SWOT analysis also tells you where you require to improve your internal abilities.

How to collect data and information:

if you are committed and you are conscious regarding your incompetency or weaknesses. After being conscious (i.e. aware of your incompetence), you require to gain knowledge in the concerned area. Without knowledge, the commitment is useless. The commitment works after gaining knowledge. It is commitment that transforms the knowledge into the skill. When a person become habitual for a particular work by performing it again and again; then it becomes part of his personality known as attitude. There are three terms i.e. K, S, A. These terms are related to training, Knowledge, Skills, and Attitude. If you have knowledge and you adopt the knowledge in practice, it will become skill. After gaining the skill, when practice become too much that the skills imparted in the personality in the form of habit, it becomes attitude. In order to build up the image and realize success in life, a person should enhance all the three. These three things are so powerful that a person can become from Zero to Hero; given the person took these three things seriously and gain with concentration and commitment.

After SWOT Analysis, the areas of weaknesses which are due to lack of knowledge, then the areas are required to be improved through gaining the knowledge by exploring the internet.

There are two things which are most popular to gain knowledge through internet i.e. Google and Youtube.

*Copyright © 2018 Dr. Lalit Kumar. All rights reserved. 

You might also be interested in reading the following: 

1. Writing Resume and Curriculum Vitae 2. Superintendents enforce and supervise administrative control 3. SWOT Analysis for Skills Development in Employees 4. Skills for Earning Money 5. Sharpening Managerial Skills through Training for Success 6. Video on Double Click and Type Anywhere in MS-Word